Sem açúcar mas com muito afeto: novembro 2012

sexta-feira, 2 de novembro de 2012

Oct 21, 2010 | ByDena McDowell

Diet Tips for a Hiatal Hernia — Photo Credit William McKellar/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images

Hiatal hernias arise when the stomach pushes against the muscles of the diaphragm. This small opening is known as the hiatus. Hiatal hernias can vary in size. Larger hernias can press cause pressure against the esophagus creating acid back flow through the esophagus. Diet and lifestyle modifications are recommended to help control the side effects of a hiatal hernia.

FOODS TO LIMIT

People who expereince heartburn symptoms due to a hiatal hernia should limit certain foods and beverages in the diet. Spicy foods such as peppers, hot sauce and pepper jack cheese should be limited. Acid or sour foods such as tomatoes, oranges, orange juice, grapefruit, lemon and vinegar may also make heartburn symptoms worse. Eating chocolate, drinking coffee, tea and peppermint based products may loosen the lower sphincter of the esophagus allowing stomach acid to escape causing worse heartburn.

FOODS TO INCLUDE

Many foods can be part of a hiatal hernia diet. Fruits such as apples, bananas, pineapple, papaya, peaches, pears, grapes and berries are well tolerated. Avocados, green beans, peas, carrots and sweet potatoes can be part of a regular diet. Grains such as potatoes, rice, pasta, breads and oatmeal are also well tolerated. Most lean meats, nuts and legumes and dairy should be included as part of a regular diet.

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

Doctors recommend lifestyle changes as part of a non-surgical treatment for hiatal hernias. Guidelines include eating smaller portions at meal times and chewing food well to aid in digestion. Sitting up after eating for at least 30 minutes after a meal and limiting food and beverage intake after dinner can lessen heartburn. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake may also help control symptoms. For people who are overweight, weight loss is encouraged to lessen the pressure on the esophagus.

MUSCLE WEAKNESS

Weak muscle tissue surrounding the hiatus can cause a hiatal hernia. According to the National Institutes of Health, these muscles are naturally more likely to weaken with increasing age. Certain health conditions, such as obesity and lifestyle choices like smoking, can also cause a weakening or thinning of the tissue around the esophagus. The Cleveland Clinic notes that injury to the area around the esophagus may also theoretically cause a weakening of this muscle tissue.

CONGENITAL CAUSES

A hiatal hernia can be a congenital condition that is present at birth. According to the National Institutes of Health, most cases of hiatal hernias that are diagnosed among children are congenital in nature, caused by a random chromosomal or genetic defect, or a problem that occurred while the fetus was in the womb. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD--a condition in which food, liquid and stomach acid leak backward into the esophagus because the sphincter muscle that normally prevents backflow fails to work properly--is commonly associated with hiatal hernia in infants.
Some people are also born with an abnormally large hiatus. According to the Mayo Clinic, a large opening in the diaphragm makes it more likely that the stomach will bulge upward into the opening, spilling its contents and stomach acid backward and up into the esophagus.

PRESSURE OR STRAINING

Some doctors and researchers believe that chronic and unrelenting pressure, or pressure that suddenly increases to extreme levels, may cause a hiatal hernia. For example, excessive weight and fat around the organs and abdominal region associated with obesity can put unusual pressure on the abdomen and surrounding muscles, increasing the risk of hiatal hernia, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Women who are pregnant and gain substantial amounts of weight may also increase their risk. Coughing, straining to lift something heavy, vomiting, overexerting oneself during physical exercise, or even straining during a bowel movement or during delivery of a baby, may all put intense and abrupt pressure on the muscles around the hiatus, diaphragm and stomach, again increasing the risk of hernia.

http://www.livestrong.com/article/135739-what-are-causes-hiatal-hernia/#ixzz2B5xQHr1j

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